
Formic Acid Gel Protects Bees and PeopleBy Jill Lee August
19, 1998Beekeepers could soon have an alternative way to save their hives from
varroa mites, pests that are becoming resistant to the standard control,
fluvalinate, sold as Apistan. A new treatment--a gel containing formic
acid--has been licensed to industry by the USDA's
Agricultural Research Service. Apistan-resistant mites have been found in parts of the United States. ARS
scientists at the Bee
Research Laboratory in Beltsville, Md., developed the formic acid gel and
have applied for a patent. In field tests, the formic acid gel killed up to 84
percent of varroa mites and 100 percent of tracheal mites, another bee pest. ARS issued a license Monday to Betterbee, Inc., of Greenwich, N.Y. The
company must obtain approval from the Environmental
Protection Agency once they develop a product. The formic acid gel could be
available to beekeepers next spring. The gel formulation can ease the path to EPA registration because it reduces
the risk of exposure to formic acid compared with the formic acid spray used in
Europe. The spray is effective, but the highly toxic acid evaporates quickly. This puts bees and beekeepers at risk if spraying is done incorrectly. Also,
spraying must be repeated, unlike the gel. The new treatment is composed of formic acid mixed with a food-grade gelling
agent and sealed in a small plastic bag. Beekeepers would simply slice open the
bag and leave it in the hive. After the acid evaporates, it leaves a harmless
residue that won't contaminate the hive or the honey. Varroa mites cause economic losses not only to beekeepers but also to
farmers who depend on honey bees to pollinate $10 billion worth of U.S. crops. In California, for example, half a million bee colonies are needed each year to
pollinate the almond crop. Scientific contact: Hachiro Shimanuki, ARS Bee Research Laboratory,
Beltsville, Md., phone (301) 504-8975, fax (301) 504-8736, [email protected]. Story contacts Bee Research Laboratory U.S. Department of Agriculture | |